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The Ukrainian parliamentary election of 2012 took place on 28 October 2012.〔(Parliament mulls Feb. 3 vote to amend Constitution ), Kyiv Post (January 31, 2011) (Parliament sets parliamentary elections for October 2012, presidential elections for March 2015 ), Kyiv Post (February 1, 2011) (Ukraine sets parliamentary vote for October 2012 ), Kyiv Post (February 1, 2011) (Early parliamentary elections may take place in May - Ukraine's Yanukovych ), RIA Novosti (January 25, 2010)〕 Because of various reasons, including the "impossibility of announcing election results" various by-elections have taken place since.〔〔〔〔 Hence, several constituencies have been left unrepresented at various times.〔〔〔〔 Unlike the two previous elections, this election used a mixed voting system (50% under party lists and 50% under simple-majority constituencies)〔 with a 5% election threshold and the participation of blocs of political parties was not allowed any more.〔(Parliament passes law on parliamentary elections ), Kyiv Post (17 November 2011)〕 The method of 50/50 mixed elections was used previously in 1998 and 2002.〔(Ukrainian communists to seek return to proportional electoral system ), Interfax-Ukraine (8 November 2012)〕 The election campaign was limited to 90 days.〔 Every citizen of Ukraine 18 years of age or older〔 (Перший крок до зриву виборів ), Ukrayinska Pravda (9 April 2012)〕 was able to vote in 33,540 polling stations in Ukraine and 116 foreign polling stations in 77 countries.〔(After counting all ballots at 116 foreign polling stations "Svoboda" wins in parliamentary elections in Ukraine ), National Radio Company of Ukraine (29 October 2012) (No violations reported at Ukraine’s overseas polling stations ), ITAR-TASS (28 October 2012)〕〔(Central Election Commission forms 33,540 polling stations in Ukraine and 114 abroad ), Kyiv Post (12 April 2012)〕 The Party of Regions won the largest number of seats while Fatherland (with several parties together as an "umbrella" party) came second.〔 The election was also noted for the rise of the far-right party Svoboda, which came in fourth.〔 The new (on the national scene) party UDAR also enjoyed noticeable great success with its third place in the election.〔 The Communist Party of Ukraine almost tripled its numbers of voters but because of the mixed election system used in the election it only won five more seats compared with the previous election.〔 Because of this mixed system three small parties and 43 unaffiliated politicians also made it into parliament.〔 The new parliament was appointed and started its tasks on 12 December 2012 – six weeks after the elections.〔(Parliament of sixth convocation ends its work ), Kyiv Post (6 December 2012)〕〔(You Scratch My Back, and I’ll Scratch Yours ), The Ukrainian Week (26 September 2012)〕 ==Background== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ukrainian parliamentary election, 2012」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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